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I
was born in Buenos Aires, I graduated in Publicity.
After traveling through different techniques to express myself
in an artistic way, I found, in the glass, a new mean of expression
so tangible as ethereal. The colors and the handling make
the glass, the ideal raw material to plastically express myself.
The vitrofusion is a glass superposition and fold technique.
The glass is fired at approximately 790¢X it can be colored
with oxides.This technique was already known by the Egyptians,
but it was re-discovered in this century.
So
my intention is to offer a service to architects, designers,
decorators, particulars, in which I can work with all my experience
with glass for all type of wish or special work.
FUSED GLASS
It is said that fused glass was discovered 4000 years ago,
by Fenician sailors that were cocking some food in a beach,
under the stars. When they moved their pots, the following
day, the sand that was under those was turned into glass.
The fusion of the glass disappeared virtually when the Romans
developed another technique that was the glass blow. But the
glass fusion appeared again round 1940 and it grew quickly
in the 90¡¦s when the Bullseye Glass developed a special line
of fused glass. Although there are different types of glasses,
the essential elements still are, sand and intense heat. The
fused glass, also called hot glass or glass formed in oven,
is created when glass pieces are cut, and they are put in
a special oven at a 1600¢X temperature. At the beginning, the
glass are just big leaves (34" X 36" usually) of
artistic glass, that I cut with glass cutters and two special
types of pliers. I use my own designs, combining different
sizes, shapes, textures, colors of glass in two to six layers.
Some glasses remain bright, others are transparently colored,
others are painted more dull, some have an iridescent coat,
and others are of the dichroic glass type (observe in the
next page). When a piece put all together, it is deposited
in the oven in a shell and the fusion starts.
FORTH
STATE OF THE MATTER
What makes the glass a unique material, is that it is always
in a liquid state. This material is known as "the forth
state of the matter" because it doesn¡¦t have a solid
nor gas state. Although windows and other objects like wine
bottles look solid, the glass that compose this objects
is a cooled liquid whose molecules move really slowly. If
the glass is fired in an oven, the liquid nature of the
material will be visible. At a temperature of 1450¢X F, you
can see the edges of the cut glass that start to melt. At
1550¢X F the major part of the glass is melted and is turns
into a syrup (at high temperatures), and if the temperature
gets higher, you will be able to see how the oven moves
from side to side.
The temperature of the oven is in intimate relationship
with glass form and will determine how the fused glass piece
will look like, when it is finished.
Some of my designs use "Tack Fuse". This means
that the glass is heated so much that all the pieces are
fused and become one solid piece of glass. Other designs,
are fired at a higher temperature, so that they reach a
"Full Fuse", and the separated pieces loose their
shapes and all the fusion becomes a more controlled piece.
After the glass reaches to the temperature that I desire
for a particular piece, the cooling or cold process starts.
All the glass has to expand and contract with the same ratio
(it has to have the same "expansion ratio" so
that all the cut parts are fused together completely, and
that it is still stable when the glass gets cold again).
The glass is cooled very slowly, and when the process is
finished, the pieces are filled by hand. Some pieces are
fired more than once, with new layers and elements added
in the middles of the firings.
DICHROIC GLASS
I use dichroic glass in the major part of my work. Dichroic
means "Two colors" (Greek): the dichroic glass
reflect a color (when the light crushes against the glass¡¦s
surface) and transmits a different color. You can also watch
a third color generally in an angle. The dichroic glass
represents an air-space industry contribution to the art
world. The technology is based in the thin films physics.
The dichroic glass is made in an empty chamber, where the
hot glass is coated with multiple microlayers of metallic
oxides (selenium, titanium, magnesium, and others) that
were vaporized with an electrical pistol. The colors that
are transmitted and reflected in a particular piece of dichroic
glass depend of which metallic oxides are used, and of how
many microlayers are applied and in which order.
When you observe a piece of dichroic glass, you¡¦ll see only
the reflected color, but you see it very intensely. If the
dichroic coating is in the back of the clear glass, you
will be able to see the colors sliding, and on the sides
of the piece you will see that there is no color in the
glass. It¡¦s a clear glass. The colors that you observe are
physical in action. The result of the microlayers of the
metallic oxides, is that they do not have colors, and that
the interact with the light.
The art that can be used, is still art when you are not
using it
Is the glass fragile? Does this material require a special
treatment? The glass is as fragile as the glass that is
used for bottles or drinking glasses. The things that break
a drinking glass will also break a fused glass, for example
the fact of throwing a glass against a hard surface, or
hitting it with another piece of glass, etc.. If you avoid
things like this, the pieces will be forever, like the glass
little balls, that can last for hundreds of years. The glass
can be washed with clean water of alcohol, when the piece
need it. There is no paint in the glass, so that there is
nothing that can come loose or ripped. The dichroic glass
is not going to be ripped once it is fired in the oven.
Sometimes, I receive calls of some client that has done
something that has scratched his piece of fused glass. In
those cases, I fix the piece if it¡¦s possible, if I cannot
do it, I give him a discount in a similar piece. And remember?
The art that can be used, is still art when you are not
using it.
| Artistic
vocational training |
| 2000/01
|
painting
in acrylic Marisa Varela |
| 1998/01
|
Fusing
Miguel Diez |
| 1994/96
|
Glass
fusion, TECHNIQUE OF ENAMELS IN GLASS Mila Wertheimer |
| 1993/94
|
blown
glass Miguel Russo |
| 1992/94
|
painting
in oil and acrylic Adrian Dorado |
| 1990/92
|
painting
in acrylic and oil Felipe Noe |
| 1988/90
|
painting
in acrylic and oil Kenneth Kemble |
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